Mary Jane Hanson PhD, CRNP, CNS, RN, FNP-BC, ANP-BC, ACNS-BC

Mary Jane S. Hanson, RN, PhD, CRNP, CS, the original author, is the director of the graduate program at the University of Scranton, School of Nursing, Scranton, PA, and a family nurse practitioner at Penn-Kidder Medical Center, Albrightsville, PA. The author has declared no real or perceived conflicts of interest that relate to this educational activity.